Hay fever medications

Content:
Antihistamine for hay fever
Allergic Rhinitis Medication
Allergic conjunctivitis
Bronchial asthma
Atopic dermatitis
Urticaria and Quincke’s edema
Drugs for the treatment of anaphylaxis
Medication for hay fever during pregnancy
Schoolboy First Aid Kit
Comments

And let’s look at medications for the treatment of hay fever in one article. In which cases, doctors prescribe them.

To make it convenient to watch. So, I have – yeah, my nose is stuffy, my allergic rhinitis is flowing. So an allergist can prescribe these drops, these pills, or something else.

Not for the purpose of supporting movement – self-medication. In order to increase patient confidence. So that a novice allergy sufferer is not afraid of the list of medicines prescribed by an allergist.

There are a lot of medicines for hay fever. A wagon of those that I know. And even more of those that I don’t know about. A beginner allergic does not need to know everything, just remember the main drugs.

General tips. Medications should be taken a few weeks before flowering begins and continue until your allergen is dusting.

To make the medications work better, reduce contact with the allergen in all possible ways: wear masks, filter the air in the apartment, and wash the floors. And so on and so forth.

Antihistamine for hay fever

Allergists are advised to start treatment with antihistamines. The first symptoms of an allergy appeared – a runny nose, itching in the eyes – it’s time to take an antihistamine. If antihistamines do not cope, drops and sprays for topical application are added to therapy.

New generation antihistamines and their active metabolites can be taken for a long time. In the case when the medicine helps and is well tolerated.

In cases where the speed of reaction to the drug is important, the 2020 ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma – Allergic Rhinitis and Its Effect on Asthma) recommends:

For children: Active ingredient Desloratadine, Erius tablets – act after 30 minutes;
For adults: Rupatadine, Rupafin tablets – act after 15 minutes.

I repeat.

The most important thing is to choose a treatment only with a doctor. In allergies, everything is individual. The same drug can well help the first allergic person, work only in combination for the second and harm the third.

Allergic Rhinitis Medication

If during the flowering period of allergens you want to leave the house, wear an allergic mask (medical will not help). No masks, try barrier products.

The task of any barrier medicine is to protect the mucosa from aggressive allergens.

Barrier products for the nasal mucosa: Aqua Maris Ectoin.

The drug NAZOVAL needs to be used carefully. Micronized cellulose, in its composition, forms a film on the nasal mucosa and can irritate it.

Before using barrier preparations, rinse your nose with saline.

Anyway, during the flowering period, moisturize and rinse your nose as often as possible. Saline or saline solutions are suitable.

The following is a list of nasal preparations that an allergist can prescribe several weeks before flowering.

New generation antihistamines or their active metabolites: pills or drops of zodac, xizal, suprastinex, erius, desal, allegra, telfast, fexadine;
Cromoglicic acid. Cromohexal Sprays;
Montelukast. Pills singular.
The FDA does not recommend prescribing a singular for mild rhinitis;
Antihistamines for the nose: allergodil spray, levocabastine – Tizin Alergi.
When my baby was 4 years old, the doctor allowed Allergodil to drip eye drops into the nose instead of spray;
Hormones in the nose or Intranasal steroids: nasonex hormones, avamis, desrinitis, tafen nasal and others. May provoke nosebleeds. Read the instructions carefully.

Hormone sprays did not fit my child. Although we changed a lot of them. The nose was blocked so that the baby could only breathe through his mouth. I was interested in my friends, as they have – many turned out to have such a problem.

Both the alaryngologist and allergist confirmed the likelihood of such a reaction. Edema, like bleeding, usually occurs during an exacerbation of allergic rhinitis, when the mucous membrane is inflamed. If you start taking hormones before flowering, then side effects are less common.

Hormones are good as long-acting drugs, so the doctor prescribes them before flowering for a long course.

Since then I have not used hormones anymore. On the advice of an allergist, a few weeks before flowering, she began giving Suprastinex to the baby and allergodil in the nose.

When the symptoms of rhinitis worsen – severe swelling of the nose and breathing is difficult – the allergist can add vasoconstrictive drops: xylometazoline or oxymetazoline. But no more than 5 days.

Medicines with the active substance Naphazoline are not recommended for children.

Allergic conjunctivitis drugs

You need to start taking medications for allergic conjunctivitis a few weeks before starting dusting.

New generation antihistamines or their active metabolites: zodiac drops or tablets, Xizal, Suprastinex, Erius, Desal, Allegra, Telfast, Fexadine;
Cromoglycic acid in the form of eye drops: cromohexal and lecrolin.

What to treat during an exacerbation of conjunctivitis

Antihistamine eye drops: opatanol, allergodi
steroids for eyes, drops and ointments. I was interested in several ophthalmologists, which is preferable to a drop or ointment. Drops are more advised;
if a secondary infection has joined, and it often happens – antibiotics in the form of drops or ointments.

After a walk, do not rinse your eyes with water, ask your doctor to prescribe eye drops for you, for example, Systain.

Allergic Asthma Medication

An allergist and pulmonologist decide when to start and how long to continue therapy, depending on age, symptoms, reaction to therapy.

Drugs for control or basic therapy

Basic therapy – includes drugs that must be taken for a long time and constantly.

The first step is Montelukast tablets (singular). If the singular does not help, Flixotide, Seretide, Symbicort inhalations are prescribed with powder or aerosol inhalers. Pulmicort inhalations – with a nebulizer.

For a metered-dose aerosol inhaler, buy a spacer. Especially if you will do inhalations to the child.

A spacer is a plastic tube (sometimes with a mask) that fits over a metered-dose aerosol inhaler. Spacer reduces the risk of candidiasis.

When a child inhales an aerosol through a spacer, the medicine enters directly into the bronchi – it does not settle in the mouth and larynx.

However, do not forget to rinse your mouth after hormones.

What to do if an attack of bronchospasm begins

Bronchodilating drugs: berodual, salbutamol, ventolin, atrovent and others.

These medicines should be used only during an attack – it is constantly impossible. The doctor prescribes the dosage of the drug – an overdose can be dangerous.

Drugs are available in cans of ready-made medicine, or nebulas (plastic tubes) and drops. Drops or contents of the nebula are mixed with saline for inhalation with a nebulizer.

Mineral water cannot be poured into a nebulizer.

The international organization for the fight against bronchial asthma GINA recommends the use of complex preparations even for single asthma attacks. Not one bronchodilator, but a bronchodilator and hormone. For example: salbutamol plus beclomethasone, formoterol plus beclomethasone, formoterol plus budesonide.

A bronchodilator only relieves bronchospasm, it does not cure inflammation – the cause of bronchospasm. If hormone (glucocorticosteroids) is added, exacerbations occur less frequently.

Drugs for the treatment of atopic dermatitis

Atopic skin must be taken care of. If the skin barrier is broken, pollen will irritate the skin and can provoke hay fever – an allergy to pollen.

A few weeks before the flowering of allergens, it is necessary to start applying moisturizing emollients to the skin. Emollients are applied as often as required. Be sure to apply emollients after a shower.

During an exacerbation of symptoms of atopy

With severe itching, you can take a new generation of antihistamines or their active metabolites: zodak tablets and drops, Xizal, Suprastinex, Erius, Desal, Allegra, Telfast, Fexadine. First-generation antihistamines are sometimes prescribed, but with atopic dermatitis, they are not always needed!
Hormonal ointments (topical steroids), for example, Advantan ointment and Lokoid cream;
In severe exacerbation – topical calcineurin inhibitors: ointments Elidel, Protopic. Can be used in combination with local hormonal ointments;
If a secondary skin infection has joined, the doctor will prescribe combined glucocorticoids for external use: Pimafucort – natamycin, neomycin, hydrocortisone. These drugs should not be applied to children on the face.

Drugs for the treatment of urticaria and Quincke’s edema

Hives and angiotek (Quincke’s edema) can provoke not only pollen, it happens that they become symptoms of a cross-food allergy. And it also happens that they have nothing to do with allergies.

A few weeks before flowering, an allergist can prescribe a new generation of antihistamines or their active metabolites: zodak, xisal, suprastinex, erius, desal, allegra, telfast, fexadine.

During exacerbation

In some cases, 1st generation antihistamines: suprastin tablets, tavegil.
If the dosage is not enough to relieve symptoms, an allergist can increase it 2-4 times;
For the relief of urticaria and edema, glucocorticosteroids (hormones) are prescribed: dexamethasone, prednisone in injections or tablets. Dosages are different in each situation, they should be selected by an allergist.

Approximate dosage

Prednisone Injection:
adults up to 50 kg – 30-60 mg, more than 50 kg – 60-90 mg;
children – 2-4 mg per kg of body weight.
Dexamethasone Injection:
adults: up to 50 kg – 4-8 mg, more than 50 kg – 8 mg;
children: 0.3-0.6 mg per kg.
Tablets of prednisone, dexamethasone, methylprednisolone – a dose calculation similar to injection.

Dosage, use and cancellation are strictly under the supervision of a physician.

Diprospan – do not use during an attack. This hormone does not begin to act immediately, so diprospan is not suitable for stopping the acute reaction.

If a four-time dosage of antihistamines does not help, the doctor may prescribe Omalizumab (Xolair) or Cyclosporine.

Drugs for the treatment of anaphylaxis

If you know allergens to which you have an anaphylactic reaction, wear an allergic bracelet.

The safest way to recognize dangerous allergen proteins is to donate blood for component allergy diagnostics: ISAC allergy test, AllergoExpert 300, ALEX.

In the whole world I know, first aid for anaphylaxis is adrenalin. Source Link.

Sometimes emergency doctors treat anaphylaxis with suprastin and prednisone.

The salvation of drowning, the work of the drowning themselves. Buy an automatic injector – a convenient syringe pen with metered adrenaline.

The most convenient Epipen. There are both children and adults. You can find in online pharmacies.
Official site: http://www.epipen.com/

In Europe you can buy over-the-counter in Spain and Portugal. The approximate price is 60 euros.

I have an adrenaline syringe Adrenalina wzf. I ordered in Poland.

How to do an adrenaline injection

Of course, the exact dosage must be agreed with the doctor. And ask the doctor to show where and how to do the injection.

Adrenaline is injected intramuscularly into the middle of the front of the thigh
adults: 0.3-0.5 ml of 0.1% adrenaline solution;
children: 0.01 mg per kg of body weight, maximum 0.3 ml.

If necessary, an adrenaline injection can be repeated after 5-15 minutes.

Store adrenaline in ampoules at a temperature of + 2- + 8C.
Epipen can be stored at + 25C.

When anaphylactic reaction, be sure to call an ambulance

Medication for hay fever during pregnancy

Fortunately, we live in a time when there are safe and proven medicines approved for pregnant women.

Future mothers will not have to endure hay fever symptoms.

All drugs allowed for pregnant women can be viewed on this site: https://www.e-lactation.com/

What can a doctor prescribe

Avoid allergen and maintain hypoallergenic life;
before going out to wear a mask and glasses for allergy sufferers;
barrier means for the nose: Aqua Maris Ectoin;
wash nose as often as possible with saline solutions;;
antihistamines: Loratadine (e.g. Claritin) and Cetirizine (e.g. Zirtec) Levocetirizine (e.g. Suprastinex or Xizal); ⠀
Cromones: cromohexal or lecrolin – the safest drugs for 1 trimester;
hormones in the nose (steroids) – budesonide: Tafen Nazal;
vasoconstrictive sprays should be used very carefully, with a course of no more than 3 days and always under the supervision of a doctor;
emollients; ⠀
preparations for the treatment of bronchial asthma: montelukast, inhaled steroids (budesonide), beta 2 agonists.

Schoolboy First Aid Kit

Before giving your child allergy pills to school, see your school principal. The director may not allow the child to keep the medicine with him. In this case, the tablets should be given to the teacher or to the medical office.

Teachers should be warned of possible reactions and how to act in case of an attack. Talk with the teacher, let the child be allowed to wear a mask in the classroom.

Prepare the child too. He needs to know his symptoms and understand which medications can help. Play a doctor at home – let the child practice.

If the child has found signs of a reaction, he must immediately tell the teacher that he needs to drink the medicine. The teacher should know that the child drank the pill;
It is important to explain to the child that he should turn to the teacher for help. Do not ask to bury the eyes of classmates;
Do not give your baby more than 1 tablet;
If basic therapy is prescribed, try to take all medications at home. At school, children can start playing with an inhaler;
In case of an attack of bronchial asthma, the child should have all the necessary drugs. He must be able to use the spray can;
If the child had anaphylactic reactions, it is necessary to pass a syringe with adrenaline or an auto-injector to the teacher. Be sure to show how to use it. If adrenaline is in ampoules, write the dosage prescribed by the doctor on the box. Do not forget to put a syringe and gloves.

What a child should have with him

Allergy Bracelet and Parent Phone Number;
Antihistamine – tablet;
Antihistamine eye drops: allergodil, opatanol;
Antihistamines in the nose or vasoconstrictors;
Inhalers: ventolin, salbutamol, berodual;
If the child had anaphylactic reactions – a syringe with adrenaline or an auto-injector. You can give it to the school doctor.

Drops in the eyes or nasal sprays based on Cromoglycic acid – lecrolin, cromohexal – will not help quickly, they have a cumulative effect.

Hormonal nasal sprays in the nose – Nazonex, Avamis – will not help for surgical assistance – there is no point in giving them to the baby with them.

Comments on popular medicines

Montelukast / Singulair

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in its report of March 4, 2020 does not recommend a singular for mild rhinitis. The reason is the possible side effects from the psyche. Link

Prednisone, dexamethasone, adrenaline

Decide with your allergist if these medications are needed in your medicine cabinet. Dosages of the drug, the ability to use are very important.

Sorbents

Doctors of evidence-based medicine do not prescribe sorbents.
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/activated-charcoal#section10
https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-269/activated-charcoal
https://www.worldgastroenterology.org/guidelines/global-guidelines

Ruzam

A drug with unproven effectiveness.

Ketotifen (Zaditen)

Allergists of evidence-based medicine Ketotifen are prescribed extremely rarely. The drug does not act immediately. The therapeutic effect develops within 1-2 months.

Ketotifen is not recommended by GINA (Association for the Control of Asthma) for the treatment of asthma. Not recommended by the European and Russian Association of Allergologists and Clinical Immunologists for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Oxolinic ointment

It is not a barrier. The ointment sticks together hairs in the nose and interferes with air filtration.